Bariatric surgery — also called metabolic or weight-loss surgery — is the most effective, durable treatment for severe obesity and obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes. It includes several procedures that reduce stomach size and/or reroute the intestine to produce substantial, lasting weight loss and major improvements in metabolic health.

Toupet fundoplication is a minimally invasive antireflux operation that wraps the upper stomach 270° around the back of the esophagus to rebuild the valve between the esophagus and stomach. It controls gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) as effectively as a full Nissen wrap while causing less trouble swallowing and less bloating — making it an excellent choice for many reflux patients, especially those with weaker esophageal motility.

LINX magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) is a minimally invasive antireflux procedure in which a small, flexible ring of magnetic titanium beads is placed around the lower esophageal sphincter to stop acid reflux. The magnets hold the valve closed against low-pressure reflux but separate to let food pass — and, unlike a fundoplication, they preserve the ability to belch and vomit normally while causing less bloating. It is an excellent, fundic-sparing alternative to surgery for many patients with GERD who want to stop daily reflux medication.

Esophagectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the esophagus, most often to cure esophageal cancer or high-grade Barrett's dysplasia, with the digestive tract rebuilt — usually by forming the stomach into a tube and pulling it up into the chest. It is one of the most complex operations in gastrointestinal surgery, and outcomes are strongly tied to the experience and volume of the surgical team (Xie, Smyth & Lagergren, New England Journal of Medicine, 2026; Aaron et al., American College of Surgeons, 2021)

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a minimally invasive operation that is the preferred antireflux surgery in three specific situations: patients who have GERD together with obesity, patients with reflux after a prior sleeve gastrectomy, and patients whose reflux has returned after one or more failed fundoplications. By creating a small, low-acid stomach pouch and rerouting the intestine to divert bile, gastric bypass controls reflux through mechanisms a wrap cannot — while also producing durable weight loss. It succeeds precisely where fundoplication and LINX are most likely to fail.

Diagnostic laparoscopy is a minimally invasive operation that uses a small camera placed through tiny incisions to directly inspect the inside of the abdomen when other tests — like CT, ultrasound, or endoscopy — cannot explain a patient's pain or symptoms. In patients with prior bariatric surgery, it is the single most accurate way to find and fix an internal hernia, a serious complication that is frequently missed on imaging.

Sleeve gastrectomy, also called gastric sleeve surgery, is the most commonly performed weight-loss operation in the world. It permanently removes about 75–85% of the stomach to create a narrow, banana-shaped "sleeve" that limits food intake and reduces hunger hormones, producing durable weight loss and lasting improvement in diabetes, high blood pressure, sleep apnea, and other obesity-related conditions.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a proven weight-loss and metabolic surgery that reduces stomach size and reroutes the small intestine, producing durable weight loss and strong improvement in type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and reflux.

The duodenal switch (biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch, or BPD/DS) is the most powerful standard weight-loss operation, combining a sleeve gastrectomy with an intestinal bypass to produce the greatest and most durable long-term weight loss and the highest rates of diabetes remission.

A powerful bariatric and metabolic procedure that creates a long, narrow gastric pouch and a single gastrojejunostomy — producing superior weight loss, strong diabetes remission, and simplified anatomy compared to traditional gastric bypass.

SADI-S is a powerful, simplified single-anastomosis version of the duodenal switch that combines a sleeve gastrectomy with one intestinal bypass. It delivers greater weight loss and higher diabetes remission than gastric bypass, with fewer anastomoses and a lower technical complication risk than the traditional duodenal switch.

Magnetic duodeno-ileostomy with sleeve gastrectomy is an innovative, incisionless-anastomosis weight-loss procedure that combines a sleeve gastrectomy with a side-to-side intestinal bypass created by self-fusing magnets — no staples or sutures at the new connection. Early studies show strong weight loss and diabetes improvement with no anastomotic leaks.

Revision bariatric surgery corrects, converts, or reverses a previous weight-loss operation when it has caused complications, stopped controlling weight, or triggered problems like reflux. It restores results and resolves symptoms for patients whose first surgery no longer meets their needs.

Converting a failed or complicated adjustable gastric band to a sleeve gastrectomy removes the old band and reshapes the stomach into a narrow tube, replacing a purely restrictive device with a more durable, modern operation. It is the lowest-complication conversion option after a failed band and delivers reliable additional weight loss.

Converting a failed or complicated adjustable gastric band to a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass removes the old band and reroutes the stomach and small intestine into the most reflux-resistant, proven bariatric operation. It is the preferred conversion for patients with significant reflux and delivers greater weight loss than conversion to a sleeve.

A powerful revisional bariatric procedure that removes the gastric band and converts the anatomy to a single-anastomosis duodeno-ileostomy with sleeve (SADI‑S), offering strong metabolic improvement and durable long-term weight loss.

A revisional bariatric procedure that removes the gastric band and converts the anatomy to a one‑anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), providing strong metabolic improvement, excellent weight loss, and durable long‑term outcomes.

Converting a failed or complicated adjustable gastric band to a biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD/DS) is a powerful revision that removes the old band and replaces it with the most effective bariatric operation available. It delivers the greatest additional weight loss and the highest rates of diabetes remission of any band conversion option.

Converting a sleeve gastrectomy to a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass reshapes the stomach into a small pouch and reroutes the small intestine, replacing a purely restrictive operation with the gold-standard, reflux-resistant bariatric procedure. It is the most common conversion after a sleeve and is the preferred solution for patients with reflux, with additional durable weight loss for those with weight regain.

A revisional bariatric procedure that converts a one‑anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB/MGB) to a Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB) to treat bile reflux, weight regain, marginal ulcer, malnutrition, or metabolic failure.

A revisional bariatric procedure that converts a one‑anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB/MGB) to a single‑anastomosis duodeno‑ileostomy with sleeve (SADI‑S) to treat bile reflux, weight regain, metabolic failure, or complications from the original OAGB.

A high‑power revisional bariatric procedure that converts a sleeve gastrectomy to a full duodenal switch (DS), offering the strongest metabolic effect and the most durable long‑term weight loss.

A powerful revisional bariatric procedure that converts a one‑anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB/MGB) to a full duodenal switch (DS) for maximal metabolic effect, durable long‑term weight loss, and correction of inadequate response to OAGB.

A revisional bariatric procedure that converts a sleeve gastrectomy to a one‑anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), providing strong metabolic improvement, excellent weight loss, and durable long‑term outcomes.

A revisional bariatric procedure that converts a one‑anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB/MGB) to a sleeve gastrectomy to treat bile reflux, marginal ulcer, dumping, hypoglycemia, or complications related to the loop bypass anatomy.

Converting a sleeve gastrectomy to a magnetic duodeno-ileostomy (MagDI) adds a malabsorptive duodeno-ileal bypass to the existing sleeve using an incisionless, sutureless magnetic compression anastomosis instead of staples or sutures. It is an emerging, device-based alternative to a conversion SADI-S for weight regain after a sleeve — promising in early studies, but still investigational with limited numbers and short follow-up.

A revisional bariatric procedure that corrects bile reflux caused by a one‑anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB/MGB) by modifying or converting the anatomy to eliminate bile exposure to the stomach and esophagus.

A revisional bariatric procedure that reshapes and tightens a dilated sleeve gastrectomy to restore restriction, reduce hunger, and improve weight‑loss outcomes.

A revisional bariatric procedure that adjusts the biliopancreatic or alimentary limb lengths of a one‑anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB/MGB) to correct malnutrition, metabolic failure, weight regain, or excessive malabsorption.

A revisional bariatric procedure that converts a Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass to a single‑anastomosis duodeno‑ileostomy with sleeve (SADI‑S), offering stronger metabolic effect and improved long‑term weight loss.

A revisional bariatric procedure that converts a Magnetic Anastomosis Gastrointestinal Diversion (MagDI) to a single‑anastomosis duodeno‑ileostomy with sleeve (SADI‑S) for stronger metabolic effect or correction of inadequate response to MagDI.

A high‑power revisional bariatric procedure that converts a Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass to a full duodenal switch (DS), offering the strongest metabolic effect and the most durable long‑term weight loss.

A powerful revisional bariatric procedure that converts a Magnetic Anastomosis Gastrointestinal Diversion (MagDI) to a full duodenal switch (DS) for maximal metabolic effect and durable long‑term weight loss.

A revisional bariatric procedure that converts a Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass to a one‑anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), offering improved metabolic effect, simplified anatomy, and enhanced long‑term weight loss.

A revisional bariatric procedure that corrects inadequate weight loss or weight regain after a Magnetic Anastomosis Gastrointestinal Diversion (MagDI) by enhancing restriction, improving metabolic effect, or converting to a more powerful procedure.

A revisional bariatric procedure that converts a Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass to a Magnetic Anastomosis Gastro‑Duodenal Bypass (MagDI), offering metabolic enhancement, simplified anatomy, and improved long‑term weight control.

A revisional bariatric procedure that corrects protein-calorie malnutrition, vitamin deficiencies, or excessive malabsorption after a Magnetic Anastomosis Gastrointestinal Diversion (MagDI) by modifying limb lengths, restoring absorption, or converting to a more balanced procedure.

A revisional bariatric procedure designed to address weight regain after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB) by correcting anatomical issues, restoring restriction, or enhancing metabolic effect.

A revisional bariatric procedure that treats chronic or recurrent marginal ulcers after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB) by correcting anatomical issues, reducing acid exposure, and restoring healthy pouch–outlet function.

A revisional bariatric procedure that reduces an enlarged gastric pouch after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB) to restore restriction, improve satiety, and support renewed weight loss.

A revisional bariatric procedure that increases the length of the bypassed intestinal limbs to enhance metabolic effect and improve long‑term weight loss after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

A revisional bariatric procedure that increases malabsorption by moving the intestinal connection further downstream, enhancing metabolic effect and long‑term weight loss after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

A revisional bariatric procedure that removes an elongated blind limb (“candy cane limb”) after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass to relieve pain, nausea, vomiting, and food intolerance.

A revisional bariatric procedure that restores normal stomach anatomy to treat severe malnutrition after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

A revisional bariatric procedure that restores normal stomach anatomy to treat unintentional, excessive, or dangerous weight loss after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

A revisional bariatric procedure that restores normal stomach anatomy to treat chronic vomiting, severe food intolerance, or persistent nausea after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

A revisional bariatric procedure that restores normal stomach anatomy to treat chronic abdominal pain, functional obstruction, or severe post‑bypass intolerance after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

A revisional bariatric procedure that restores normal stomach anatomy by reversing a Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB), reconnecting the gastric pouch to the remnant stomach, and re-establishing pyloric function.

A revisional bariatric procedure that diagnoses and treats narrowing (stricture) of the gastric sleeve, restoring normal food passage, improving swallowing, and resolving reflux or obstructive symptoms.

A revisional bariatric procedure that diagnoses and treats narrowing (stricture) at the gastrojejunostomy after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB), restoring normal food passage and resolving obstructive symptoms.

A revisional bariatric procedure that closes an abnormal communication (fistula) between the gastric sleeve or bypass pouch and an adjacent structure, resolving infection, malnutrition, chronic leak, or fistula‑related complications.

A revisional bariatric procedure that diagnoses and manages gastric leaks after sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass through endoscopic, interventional, or surgical approaches to control sepsis, restore anatomy, and support healing.

A revisional bariatric procedure that repairs a hiatal hernia in patients who have previously undergone sleeve gastrectomy, resolving or improving GERD, regurgitation, and reflux‑related symptoms.

A revisional bariatric procedure that repairs a hiatal hernia in patients who have previously undergone Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass, resolving reflux, aspiration, dysphagia, or hernia‑related complications.

A revisional bariatric procedure that diagnoses and repairs an internal hernia after Roux‑en‑Y gastric bypass (RYGB), reducing bowel obstruction, relieving abdominal pain, and preventing life‑threatening complications.